AWS Villanueva de Gallego data center, Aragon, Spain

Amazon Web Services' data center at Villanueva de Gallego, in the Poligono Industrial San Roque north of Zaragoza in Spain's Aragon region, has been operating since 2022 and is one of three AWS sites in the region now being expanded. AWS plans 11 interconnected data center complexes across Aragon by 2030.

In January 2026 two civil society groups, Tu Nube Seca Mi Rio and Ecologistas en Accion, filed an administrative appeal against the regional government of Aragon over the fast track approval of Amazon's expansion. The High Court of Justice of Aragon accepted the appeal weeks later, in what campaigners call Spain's first court case over a data center approval, argued by the Barcelona firm Fons de Defensa Ambiental.

“They turn a deaf ear to concerned citizens and bypass democratic processes,” said Aurora Gomez of Tu Nube Seca Mi Rio, whose campaign raised 15,000 euros through crowdfunding to pay for the case.

The objection is scale: one of the eleven planned complexes alone is expected to use 16.5 percent of the region's total energy, and the combined output of all of them would exceed current demand for all of Aragon. Campaigners say Amazon has resisted publishing water use figures for its Spanish sites.

Amazon says it now replenishes more water in Aragon than its data centers use, has raised its regional water spending to more than 21 million euros, and that leak detection with FidoTech in Villanueva de Gallego's pipes has saved 33 million litres of water a year. The appeal is now before the High Court of Justice of Aragon, which is reviewing the case file on the regional government's fast track approval of Amazon's expansion.